Ritual Purification |
Al-Iqna' of Ibn al-Mundhir : Section Dealing With Ritual Purity |
Author: The Imaam, Abu Bakr Muhammad bin Ibraaheem bin al |
Article ID : IBD020001 [40661] |
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Abu Bakr (ibn al-Mundhir) said:
- One. Both the one one who is in a state of major impurity and minor
impurity can perform dry ablution in the case that no water is to be
found.
- Two. The one who is sick and in a state of major impurity can perform
dry ablution if he fears that the coldness of the water would harm him were
he to bathe in it. This applies regardless of whether he is travelling or
not.
- Three. None of these people have to repeat their prayers if later they
find water, regardless of whether they find it within the time of the
current prayer or after it.
- Four. Therefore the one who is allowed to perform dry ablution should
perform it at the beginning of the period for the prayer and pray. He does
not have to repeat the prayer if he later finds water.
- Five. The best opinion that has been voiced concerning looking for water
is that the seeker look to his right and left, in front of him and behind
him and if he finds water or indications to a water source then he should
perform ritual ablution otherwise he can perform dry ablution.
- Six. The one who intends to perform dry ablution should find clean earth
and strike both his hands upon it once, then he should raise them and wipe
his face and hands.
- Seven. It is not permissible to perform dry ablution except with clean
earth due to his (sallallaahu `alaihi wasallam) saying, "the earth has been made clean and
purifying for me as well as a Mosque." {27}
- Eight. With one dry ablution he can perform all of the obligatory
prayers and other prayers [in the case that water is not found].
- Nine. It is better and safer if he were to perform dry ablution for each
obligatory prayer.
- Ten. He can perform dry ablution in a short or long journey.
- Eleven. It is not upon him to buy water through spending more than he
can afford.
- Twelve. If he fears thirst then he should keep the water he has for
drinking, perform dry ablution and he does not have to repeat the
prayer.
- Thirteen. The one who does not have any water can have sexual
intercourse then perform dry ablution and then pray. This is valid.
- Fourteen. One should perform dry ablution for optional prayers and the
prostrations of the Qur`aan [in the case that no water is found].
- Fifteen. If one performs dry ablution, enters the prayer and then sees
water, he should not leave the prayer, rather he should complete it.
- Sixteen. It is not permissible to perform dry ablution without
intention.
- Seventeen. Every one who has performed dry ablution must take a ritual
bath if he was in a state of major impurity or perform ritual ablution if he
was in a state of minor impurity when they find water in order to pray any
ensuing prayer.
- Eighteen. The menstruating women, when she becomes free of her menstrual
cycle, and the woman undergoing post-natal bleeding, when she becomes pure,
can do all that we have mentioned above.
- Nineteen. It is permissible for one who has performed dry ablution to
lead those who have performed ritual ablution.
NOTES
{26} Bukhaaree [Eng. Trans.], Muslim [Eng. Trans.], Abu Daawood [Eng. Trans.], an-Nasaa`ee [1/169], ibn Maajah [no. 569], al-Bayhaqee [1/209], ibn Khuzaymah [no. 268, 269], ibn Hibbaan [no. 1299], at-Tayaalisee [no. 638], Ahmaad [2/265, 320], Abu Awaanah [1/305] and ibn Abee Shaybah [1/159]
{27} Muslim [Eng. Trans.] and ad-Daarimee [no. 1396]. The hadeeth has also been reported by al-Bukhaaree [Eng. Trans.] with the wording, "the earth has been made purifying for me as well as a Mosque."
CHAPTER ELEVEN : The Description of the Ritual Bath
from a State of Major Impurity
12. Abu Bakr narrated to us; Muhammad bin Abdul-Wahhaab narrated to us; Ja`far bin `Awn informed us; Hishaam bin `Urwah informed us; from his father that Aa`ishah (RA) said:
"The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu `alaihi wasallam) commenced by washing his hands, then he performed ritual ablution as he would for the prayer. Then he would take handfuls of water and wet his hair to its roots until he felt that the whole skin of the head had become wet. Then he poured three handfuls of water over his head and bathed." {28}